Altering a pattern
There are some simple alterations that can be done, such as shortening or lengthening a waistline or sleeves, or grading in or out to a smaller or larger size in hip or waist. For more complex alterations, get yourself a good book detailing such changes. I use and can recommend "Fit for Real People", by Pati Palmer and Marta Alto. This book details alterations for many shapes and sizes with many illustrations and photos.